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Willow Park Golf Course

Executive Summary

The Willow Park Golf Course is located a half mile from Willow Lake Village, a new vacation retirement complex. Located in the expanding Crest Canyon area, this 18-hole facility offers a challenging layout and beautiful views. The property includes a Pro Shop, driving range, cart barn, maintenance buildings, and a pavilion that seats up to 50. The free shuttle service that serves all the area’s retirement complexes makes the course extremely accessible. Willow Park Golf Course also will have an on-site snack bar.

Each year, over 200,000 retirees visit the Crest Canyon area. On average, these visitors spend over $250 million, annually, for lodging, food, and recreational activities at Crest Canyon area.

Marty Snyderman, Palmer St. Andrews and Luke Roth, co-owners of the Willow Park Golf Course, have signed a 10 year lease with Claremont Properties for $250,000 annually.

1.1 Objectives

The objectives of the Willow Park Golf Course for the first three years of operation include:

  • Revitalize the old course and attract a loyal local clientele.
  • Use strategic alliances and players’ word-of-mouth recommendations to make Willow Park a destination course for vacationers, and avid players who are willing to travel to golf.
  • Exceeding customer’s expectations.
  • Assembling an experienced and effective staff.

1.2 Mission

The mission of Willow Park Golf Course is to become a popular course with visitors to, and residents of, the Crest Canyon area.

Golf course business plan, executive summary chart image

Company Summary

The Willow Park Golf Course is located in the expanding Crest Canyon area. This 18-hole facility offers a challenging layout and beautiful views. The property includes a Pro Shop, driving range, cart barn, maintenance buildings, and a pavilion that seats up to 50. Willow Park Golf Course also will have an on-site snack bar.

The facility was the Crescent Hills Golf Course for ten years before closing in 1999. Most of Crescent Hills Golf Course assets were sold in 1999. The property was bought by Claremont Properties in 2000 for $2,000,000. Since the purchase, Claremont Properties has been seeking a leasing arrangement that would reopen the facility. In the interim, the new owners have completed repairs on the Pro Shop, snack bar, cart barn, maintenance shed, and driving range. Claremont Properties owns 4,000 condo units in the Crest Canyon area. The company also owns Willow Park Condominiums which borders Willow Park Golf Course. The Willow Park Golf Course will form a strategic alliance with Claremont Properties in promoting and advertising the new golf course.

Willow Park Golf Course will require extensive landscape work. This work will be performed during the three month period (October-December) before the course opens in January. In addition, the following new equipment will be purchased:

  • Driving Range Equipment
  • Greens and Landscape Maintenance Equipment
  • Food Service Equipment for the Snack Bar

Thirty-six golf carts will also be leased to assure that there is sufficient transportation for all members and guests. Willow Park Golf Course will have a staff of four to maintain the golf cart pool.

2.1 Start-up Summary

Marty Snyderman, Palmer St. Andrews  and Luke Roth will each invest in the venture. They will also secure a long-term loan.

Golf course business plan, company summary chart image

Start-up
Requirements
Start-up Expenses
Legal $5,000
Stationery etc. $400
Brochures $6,000
Pro Shop Setup $50,000
Landscape Development and Repair $280,000
Food Service Equipment $20,000
Insurance $4,000
Driving Range Equipment $80,000
Lease Golf Carts $10,000
Greens/Landscape Equipment $170,000
Other $0
Total Start-up Expenses $625,400
Start-up Assets
Cash Required $34,600
Start-up Inventory $30,000
Other Current Assets $0
Long-term Assets $210,000
Total Assets $274,600
Total Requirements $900,000
Start-up Funding
Start-up Expenses to Fund $625,400
Start-up Assets to Fund $274,600
Total Funding Required $900,000
Assets
Non-cash Assets from Start-up $240,000
Cash Requirements from Start-up $34,600
Additional Cash Raised $0
Cash Balance on Starting Date $34,600
Total Assets $274,600
Liabilities and Capital
Liabilities
Current Borrowing $0
Long-term Liabilities $300,000
Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) $0
Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) $0
Total Liabilities $300,000
Capital
Planned Investment
Marty Snyderman $200,000
Luke Roth $200,000
Palmer St. Andrews $200,000
Additional Investment Requirement $0
Total Planned Investment $600,000
Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) ($625,400)
Total Capital ($25,400)
Total Capital and Liabilities $274,600
Total Funding $900,000

2.2 Company Ownership

Marty Snyderman, Luke Roth, and Palmer St. Andrews are co-owners of the Willow Park Golf Course.

Products and Services

The Willow Park Golf Course will offer the following services:

  • 18-hole golf course
  • Pro Shop
  • Driving range
  • Snack bar

Market Analysis Summary

Retirement hotel development and operation in the Crest Canyon area has been very profitable and successful due to the economic upturn experienced in the mid-1990s. Retirement living and vacation development are currently going strong. In the past two years, the sales of condos in the Crest Canyon area have increased by over 35 percent. There are twenty condominium developments, retirement complexes, and hotels within a five mile radius of Willow Park Golf Course. The area’s room occupancy is 90% year round. New construction is planned during spring of 2002 for two retirement condo complexes and a hotel.

4.1 Market Segmentation

Our customers can be broadly divided into two groups:

  • Retirement Residents. The Crest Canyon area is quickly becoming one of the best retirement locations in the US. The population is growing at a rate of 15% annually. Currently the Crest Canyon area has a population of 80,000 year-round residents
  • Retirement Visitors. The Crest Canyon area welcomes 200,000 visitors annually, who enjoy the sun and recreational activities throughout the year.
Golf course business plan, market analysis summary chart image

Market Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Potential Customers Growth CAGR
Residents 15% 80,000 92,000 105,800 121,670 139,921 15.00%
Visitors 15% 200,000 230,000 264,500 304,175 349,801 15.00%
Total 15.00% 280,000 322,000 370,300 425,845 489,722 15.00%

Strategy and Implementation Summary

Willow Park Golf Course will aggressively market to both retired residents and vacationers to the Crest Canyon area.

  • Residents. The course will initiate a membership drive. Membership fees will reflect a 30% discount for course use and a 20% discount on purchases in the Pro Shop.
  • Visitors. The Willow Park Golf Course will offer 3, 7, 10, and 14-day membership packages as well as a single day membership fee. The 3 and 7-day packages will represent a 10% savings over the single day rate. The 10 and 14-day packages will represent a 15% discount over the single day rate.

Claremont Properties will market Willow Park Golf Course to the residents and visitors in their condo units.

5.1 Marketing Strategy

Claremont Properties will take an active role in marketing Willow Park Golf Course in its 4,000+ condo units. Claremont Properties will offer its residents a 20% discount on membership fees. Vacation visitors staying in Claremont Properties’ units will be offered a 15% discount on the day use fee.

Claremont Properties is including Willow Park Golf Course in its marketing material. Its annual nationwide advertising budget is $300,000.

Willow Park also has a strategic alliance with Crest Lake Golf Course, also owned by Marty Snyderman. Palmer St. Andrews has been the Head Teaching Pro and Pro Shop manager there. Crest Lake will provide the purchasing channel for the Pro Shop inventory during the first year while Willow Park establishes lines-of-credit with suppliers and distributors. In addition, Crest Lake will enter and recommend players to Willow Park.

5.2 Competitive Edge

The competitive edge of Willow Park Golf Course is the service, first and foremost. Marty Snyderman and Luke Roth, co-owners of the Willow Park Golf Course, have over twenty years experience in managing golf facilities.

Marty is the manager-owner of the Crest Lake Golf Course. He has owned the course for ten years.

Most recently, Luke was the manager of the Village Green Golf Course. He held that position for the last five years. Before this position, Luke was the manager of the The Ridge, a 160-unit golf retirement condo complex in the nearby community of Henderson.

Palmer St. Andrews is a former PGA tour pro. He has been the Pro Shop manager and Head Teaching Pro for Marty’s Crest Lake Golf Course for the last 5 years. He brings a respected PGA reputation, experience in course play, instruction, and retail management, as well as an established student clientele base. 

Another competitive advantage for Willow Park Golf Course is the free shuttle service that serves all the area’s retirement complexes. The shuttle makes the course extremely accessible to local residents.

Another critical advantage is the course’s relationship with Claremont Properties that owns over 4,000 condo units in Crest Canyon area. Claremont Properties will aggressively promote Willow Park Golf Course with residents and vacation visitors.

5.3 Sales Strategy

The Willow Park Golf Course sales strategy is to aggressively gain market share of residents and vacationers.

Willow Park Golf Course will use the following pricing strategy:

  • Membership Fees: Annual membership fee is $500. Members will have a 30% discount on course use and a 20% diwcount on purchases in the Pro Shop.
  • Day Use Fee: 9 holes is $50 (members $34). 18 holes is $90 (members $67).

Willow Park Golf Course will offer the following Day USe Packages:

  • 9 Holes: 3 days-$125, 7 days-$135, 10 days-$425, and 14 days-$595
  • 18 Holes: 3 days-$243, 7 days-$567, 10 days-$765, 14 days-$1071.

5.3.1 Sales Forecast

The following is the sales forecast for three years. We anticipate a fast start course play sales since we have a large local resident population who we believe will flock to the newly reopened course. 

As the golf and vacation season progress we see the usual spate of new equipment and clothing sales, and the monthly increase in memberships and course play sales as more folks take their vacations and travel to the Crest Canyon area. We are fortunate to be situated in a warm temperate climatic and geographic area, and so the course is open all year for play, unlike many other courses that are covered with snow three to six months of the year. We anticipate increased winter month sales in subsequent years, as ‘snowbirds’ learn of Willow Park, and leave the cold behind to come play our course. 

The Pro Shop should have increased sales in November and December as family and friends buy holiday gifts for their favorite golfer.

Golf course business plan, strategy and implementation summary chart image

Golf course business plan, strategy and implementation summary chart image

Sales Forecast
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales
Memberships/Use Fees $445,000 $500,000 $580,000
Day Use Fees (for 1 or more days) $325,000 $370,000 $450,000
Golf Lessons $234,000 $260,000 $330,000
Snacks $256,000 $275,000 $320,000
Pro Shop $80,500 $100,000 $120,000
Driving Range $103,000 $115,000 $130,000
Total Sales $1,443,500 $1,620,000 $1,930,000
Direct Cost of Sales Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Memberships/Use Fees $0 $0 $0
Day Use Fees (for 1 or more days) $0 $0 $0
Golf Lessons $117,000 $133,000 $150,000
Snacks $64,000 $75,000 $90,000
Pro Shop $32,300 $40,000 $58,000
Driving Range $21,000 $23,000 $25,000
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $234,300 $271,000 $323,000

Management Summary

Luke Roth will be the manager of daily operations of the Willow Park Golf Course. Palmer St. Andrews will be the manager of the Pro Shop, as well as the Head Teaching Pro and supervisor of the teaching staff. We are currently in the process of recruiting an experienced Greens and Landscape Superintendent.

6.1 Personnel Plan

Because Willow Park Golf Course is open all year we will be recruiting and training full time employees. We want loyal dedicated folks, so unlike other snowbound courses, we will not rely on seasonal employees. The minimum personnel needed for the Willow Park Golf Course’s first year will be:

  • Manager
  • Assistant Manager
  • Head Teaching Pro/Pro Shop Manager
  • Greens and Landscape Superintendent
  • 7 Course Staff
  • 3 Snack Shop Staff
  • 3 Pro Shop Staff
  • 3 Greens Maintenance Staff
  • 4 Golf Cart Maintenance Staff
Personnel Plan
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Manager $54,000 $59,000 $64,000
Assistant Manager $42,000 $47,000 $52,000
Pro Shop Manager/Head Teaching Pro $60,000 $70,000 $80,000
Greeens/Landscape Superintendent $48,000 $53,000 $58,000
Course Staff $156,000 $163,000 $168,000
Snack Shop Staff $54,000 $57,000 $61,000
Pro Shop Staff $54,000 $58,000 $62,000
Greens Maintenance Staff $48,000 $52,000 $56,000
Golf Cart Maintenance Staff $72,000 $76,000 $79,000
Other $0 $0 $0
Total People 24 24 24
Total Payroll $588,000 $635,000 $680,000

Financial Plan

The following is the financial plan for the Willow Park Golf Course. We anticipate a first year of fluctuating sales and expenses as we become established physically, and in the minds of our target market. The first year we will have one time expenses in restoring the course and establishing our maintenance routines. As our existence and reputation become known we steady growth, and a more even membership sales as golfers from cold snowy climes travel to the Crest Canyon area, and Willow Park particularly to play golf during the winter months.

7.1 Break-even Analysis

Using averaged monthly total expenses and an estimated variable cost, the monthly break-even point in sales revenue is calculated and shown below.

Golf course business plan, financial plan chart image

Break-even Analysis
Monthly Revenue Break-even $113,085
Assumptions:
Average Percent Variable Cost 16%
Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost $94,730

7.2 Projected Profit and Loss

The following table and charts show the projected profit and loss for three years. Monthly figures for the first year are shown in the appendix.

Golf course business plan, financial plan chart image

Golf course business plan, financial plan chart image

Golf course business plan, financial plan chart image

Golf course business plan, financial plan chart image

Pro Forma Profit and Loss
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Sales $1,443,500 $1,620,000 $1,930,000
Direct Cost of Sales $234,300 $271,000 $323,000
Other Production Expenses $0 $0 $0
Total Cost of Sales $234,300 $271,000 $323,000
Gross Margin $1,209,200 $1,349,000 $1,607,000
Gross Margin % 83.77% 83.27% 83.26%
Expenses
Payroll $588,000 $635,000 $680,000
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses $60,000 $80,000 $100,000
Depreciation $28,560 $28,560 $28,560
Leased Equipment $72,000 $80,000 $80,000
Utilities $26,000 $26,000 $26,000
Insurance $24,000 $24,000 $24,000
Lease $250,000 $250,000 $250,000
Payroll Taxes $88,200 $95,250 $102,000
Other $0 $0 $0
Total Operating Expenses $1,136,760 $1,218,810 $1,290,560
Profit Before Interest and Taxes $72,440 $130,190 $316,440
EBITDA $101,000 $158,750 $345,000
Interest Expense $28,066 $24,643 $21,072
Taxes Incurred $13,312 $31,664 $88,610
Net Profit $31,062 $73,883 $206,758
Net Profit/Sales 2.15% 4.56% 10.71%

7.3 Projected Cash Flow

The following table and chart show the projected cash flow for three years. Monthly figures for the first year are shown in the appendix.

Golf course business plan, financial plan chart image

Pro Forma Cash Flow
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Cash Received
Cash from Operations
Cash Sales $1,443,500 $1,620,000 $1,930,000
Subtotal Cash from Operations $1,443,500 $1,620,000 $1,930,000
Additional Cash Received
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received $0 $0 $0
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0
New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $1,443,500 $1,620,000 $1,930,000
Expenditures Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Expenditures from Operations
Cash Spending $588,000 $635,000 $680,000
Bill Payments $732,096 $861,100 $1,007,098
Subtotal Spent on Operations $1,320,096 $1,496,100 $1,687,098
Additional Cash Spent
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $35,712 $35,712 $35,712
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $1,355,808 $1,531,812 $1,722,810
Net Cash Flow $87,692 $88,188 $207,190
Cash Balance $122,292 $210,480 $417,670

7.4 Projected Balance Sheet

The following table presents the projected balance sheet for three years. Monthly figures for the first year are shown in the appendix. 

Pro Forma Balance Sheet
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Assets
Current Assets
Cash $122,292 $210,480 $417,670
Inventory $15,125 $17,494 $20,851
Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0
Total Current Assets $137,417 $227,975 $438,521
Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $210,000 $210,000 $210,000
Accumulated Depreciation $28,560 $57,120 $85,680
Total Long-term Assets $181,440 $152,880 $124,320
Total Assets $318,857 $380,855 $562,841
Liabilities and Capital Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $48,907 $72,734 $83,674
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current Liabilities $48,907 $72,734 $83,674
Long-term Liabilities $264,288 $228,576 $192,864
Total Liabilities $313,195 $301,310 $276,538
Paid-in Capital $600,000 $600,000 $600,000
Retained Earnings ($625,400) ($594,338) ($520,455)
Earnings $31,062 $73,883 $206,758
Total Capital $5,662 $79,545 $286,302
Total Liabilities and Capital $318,857 $380,855 $562,841
Net Worth $5,662 $79,545 $286,302

7.5 Business Ratios

Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile ratios based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 7997, Membership Sports and Recreation, are shown for comparison.

Ratio Analysis
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry Profile
Sales Growth 0.00% 12.23% 19.14% 15.20%
Percent of Total Assets
Inventory 4.74% 4.59% 3.70% 4.00%
Other Current Assets 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 31.80%
Total Current Assets 43.10% 59.86% 77.91% 40.90%
Long-term Assets 56.90% 40.14% 22.09% 59.10%
Total Assets 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Current Liabilities 15.34% 19.10% 14.87% 31.60%
Long-term Liabilities 82.89% 60.02% 34.27% 28.00%
Total Liabilities 98.22% 79.11% 49.13% 59.60%
Net Worth 1.78% 20.89% 50.87% 40.40%
Percent of Sales
Sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Gross Margin 83.77% 83.27% 83.26% 0.00%
Selling, General & Administrative Expenses 81.62% 78.71% 72.55% 72.30%
Advertising Expenses 4.16% 4.94% 5.18% 2.70%
Profit Before Interest and Taxes 5.02% 8.04% 16.40% 2.60%
Main Ratios
Current 2.81 3.13 5.24 1.23
Quick 2.50 2.89 4.99 0.83
Total Debt to Total Assets 98.22% 79.11% 49.13% 59.60%
Pre-tax Return on Net Worth 783.71% 132.69% 103.17% 2.80%
Pre-tax Return on Assets 13.92% 27.71% 52.48% 6.90%
Additional Ratios Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Net Profit Margin 2.15% 4.56% 10.71% n.a
Return on Equity 548.60% 92.88% 72.22% n.a
Activity Ratios
Inventory Turnover 10.64 16.62 16.85 n.a
Accounts Payable Turnover 15.97 12.17 12.17 n.a
Payment Days 27 25 28 n.a
Total Asset Turnover 4.53 4.25 3.43 n.a
Debt Ratios
Debt to Net Worth 55.31 3.79 0.97 n.a
Current Liab. to Liab. 0.16 0.24 0.30 n.a
Liquidity Ratios
Net Working Capital $88,510 $155,241 $354,846 n.a
Interest Coverage 2.58 5.28 15.02 n.a
Additional Ratios
Assets to Sales 0.22 0.24 0.29 n.a
Current Debt/Total Assets 15% 19% 15% n.a
Acid Test 2.50 2.89 4.99 n.a
Sales/Net Worth 254.94 20.37 6.74 n.a
Dividend Payout 0.00 0.00 0.00 n.a

Appendix

Sales Forecast
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Sales
Memberships/Use Fees 0% $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $45,000 $45,000 $50,000 $45,000 $40,000 $25,000 $25,000
Day Use Fees (for 1 or more days) 0% $20,000 $20,000 $20,000 $30,000 $30,000 $35,000 $35,000 $40,000 $35,000 $30,000 $15,000 $15,000
Golf Lessons 0% $8,000 $16,000 $20,000 $20,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $10,000 $10,000
Snacks 0% $16,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $24,000 $12,000 $12,000
Pro Shop 0% $4,000 $10,000 $8,000 $7,000 $7,000 $4,000 $5,000 $6,000 $5,000 $4,500 $8,000 $12,000
Driving Range 0% $5,000 $6,000 $7,000 $8,000 $9,000 $11,000 $11,000 $12,000 $11,000 $9,000 $8,000 $6,000
Total Sales $73,000 $106,000 $119,000 $129,000 $135,000 $144,000 $145,000 $157,000 $145,000 $132,500 $78,000 $80,000
Direct Cost of Sales Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Memberships/Use Fees $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Day Use Fees (for 1 or more days) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Golf Lessons $4,000 $8,000 $10,000 $10,000 $12,500 $12,500 $12,500 $12,500 $12,500 $12,500 $5,000 $5,000
Snacks $4,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $3,000 $3,000
Pro Shop $1,400 $4,000 $3,600 $3,000 $3,000 $1,500 $2,300 $2,700 $2,300 $1,500 $3,000 $4,000
Driving Range $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750 $1,750
Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales $11,150 $19,750 $21,350 $20,750 $23,250 $21,750 $22,550 $22,950 $22,550 $21,750 $12,750 $13,750
Personnel Plan
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Manager 0% $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500
Assistant Manager 0% $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500 $3,500
Pro Shop Manager/Head Teaching Pro 0% $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000
Greeens/Landscape Superintendent 0% $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000
Course Staff 0% $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000 $13,000
Snack Shop Staff 0% $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500
Pro Shop Staff 0% $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500 $4,500
Greens Maintenance Staff 0% $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000 $4,000
Golf Cart Maintenance Staff 0% $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000
Other 0% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total People 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
Total Payroll $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000

General Assumptions
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Plan Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Current Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%
Long-term Interest Rate 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00% 10.00%
Tax Rate 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00% 30.00%
Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pro Forma Profit and Loss
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Sales $73,000 $106,000 $119,000 $129,000 $135,000 $144,000 $145,000 $157,000 $145,000 $132,500 $78,000 $80,000
Direct Cost of Sales $11,150 $19,750 $21,350 $20,750 $23,250 $21,750 $22,550 $22,950 $22,550 $21,750 $12,750 $13,750
Other Production Expenses $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Cost of Sales $11,150 $19,750 $21,350 $20,750 $23,250 $21,750 $22,550 $22,950 $22,550 $21,750 $12,750 $13,750
Gross Margin $61,850 $86,250 $97,650 $108,250 $111,750 $122,250 $122,450 $134,050 $122,450 $110,750 $65,250 $66,250
Gross Margin % 84.73% 81.37% 82.06% 83.91% 82.78% 84.90% 84.45% 85.38% 84.45% 83.58% 83.65% 82.81%
Expenses
Payroll $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000
Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000
Depreciation $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380 $2,380
Leased Equipment $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000 $6,000
Utilities $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $3,000 $1,500 $1,300 $1,300 $1,300 $1,300 $1,300
Insurance $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000 $2,000
Lease $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,833 $20,837
Payroll Taxes 15% $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350 $7,350
Other $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Operating Expenses $95,563 $95,563 $95,563 $95,563 $95,563 $95,563 $94,063 $93,863 $93,863 $93,863 $93,863 $93,867
Profit Before Interest and Taxes ($33,713) ($9,313) $2,087 $12,687 $16,187 $26,687 $28,387 $40,187 $28,587 $16,887 ($28,613) ($27,617)
EBITDA ($31,333) ($6,933) $4,467 $15,067 $18,567 $29,067 $30,767 $42,567 $30,967 $19,267 ($26,233) ($25,237)
Interest Expense $2,475 $2,450 $2,426 $2,401 $2,376 $2,351 $2,326 $2,302 $2,277 $2,252 $2,227 $2,202
Taxes Incurred ($10,856) ($3,529) ($102) $3,086 $4,143 $7,301 $7,818 $11,366 $7,893 $4,391 ($9,252) ($8,946)
Net Profit ($25,332) ($8,234) ($237) $7,200 $9,668 $17,035 $18,242 $26,520 $18,417 $10,245 ($21,588) ($20,874)
Net Profit/Sales -34.70% -7.77% -0.20% 5.58% 7.16% 11.83% 12.58% 16.89% 12.70% 7.73% -27.68% -26.09%

Pro Forma Cash Flow
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Cash Received
Cash from Operations
Cash Sales $73,000 $106,000 $119,000 $129,000 $135,000 $144,000 $145,000 $157,000 $145,000 $132,500 $78,000 $80,000
Subtotal Cash from Operations $73,000 $106,000 $119,000 $129,000 $135,000 $144,000 $145,000 $157,000 $145,000 $132,500 $78,000 $80,000
Additional Cash Received
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received 0.00% $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Other Liabilities (interest-free) $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Long-term Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales of Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Sales of Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
New Investment Received $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Received $73,000 $106,000 $119,000 $129,000 $135,000 $144,000 $145,000 $157,000 $145,000 $132,500 $78,000 $80,000
Expenditures Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Expenditures from Operations
Cash Spending $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000 $49,000
Bill Payments $1,193 $36,799 $65,859 $69,622 $69,991 $76,610 $74,012 $76,367 $79,381 $74,604 $68,939 $38,718
Subtotal Spent on Operations $50,193 $85,799 $114,859 $118,622 $118,991 $125,610 $123,012 $125,367 $128,381 $123,604 $117,939 $87,718
Additional Cash Spent
Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Liabilities Principal Repayment $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976 $2,976
Purchase Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Purchase Long-term Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Dividends $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Cash Spent $53,169 $88,775 $117,835 $121,598 $121,967 $128,586 $125,988 $128,343 $131,357 $126,580 $120,915 $90,694
Net Cash Flow $19,831 $17,225 $1,165 $7,402 $13,033 $15,414 $19,012 $28,657 $13,643 $5,920 ($42,915) ($10,694)
Cash Balance $54,431 $71,655 $72,820 $80,223 $93,255 $108,669 $127,681 $156,338 $169,981 $175,901 $132,986 $122,292
Pro Forma Balance Sheet
Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Assets Starting Balances
Current Assets
Cash $34,600 $54,431 $71,655 $72,820 $80,223 $93,255 $108,669 $127,681 $156,338 $169,981 $175,901 $132,986 $122,292
Inventory $30,000 $18,850 $21,725 $23,485 $22,825 $25,575 $23,925 $24,805 $25,245 $24,805 $23,925 $14,025 $15,125
Other Current Assets $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Total Current Assets $64,600 $73,281 $93,380 $96,305 $103,048 $118,830 $132,594 $152,486 $181,583 $194,786 $199,826 $147,011 $137,417
Long-term Assets
Long-term Assets $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000 $210,000
Accumulated Depreciation $0 $2,380 $4,760 $7,140 $9,520 $11,900 $14,280 $16,660 $19,040 $21,420 $23,800 $26,180 $28,560
Total Long-term Assets $210,000 $207,620 $205,240 $202,860 $200,480 $198,100 $195,720 $193,340 $190,960 $188,580 $186,200 $183,820 $181,440
Total Assets $274,600 $280,901 $298,620 $299,165 $303,528 $316,930 $328,314 $345,826 $372,543 $383,366 $386,026 $330,831 $318,857
Liabilities and Capital Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8 Month 9 Month 10 Month 11 Month 12
Current Liabilities
Accounts Payable $0 $34,608 $63,538 $67,296 $67,434 $74,146 $71,470 $73,716 $76,889 $72,271 $67,662 $37,031 $48,907
Current Borrowing $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Other Current Liabilities $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0
Subtotal Current Liabilities $0 $34,608 $63,538 $67,296 $67,434 $74,146 $71,470 $73,716 $76,889 $72,271 $67,662 $37,031 $48,907
Long-term Liabilities $300,000 $297,024 $294,048 $291,072 $288,096 $285,120 $282,144 $279,168 $276,192 $273,216 $270,240 $267,264 $264,288
Total Liabilities $300,000 $331,632 $357,586 $358,368 $355,530 $359,266 $353,614 $352,884 $353,081 $345,487 $337,902 $304,295 $313,195
Paid-in Capital $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000
Retained Earnings ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400) ($625,400)
Earnings $0 ($25,332) ($33,566) ($33,803) ($26,603) ($16,935) $100 $18,342 $44,862 $63,279 $73,524 $51,936 $31,062
Total Capital ($25,400) ($50,732) ($58,966) ($59,203) ($52,003) ($42,335) ($25,300) ($7,058) $19,462 $37,879 $48,124 $26,536 $5,662
Total Liabilities and Capital $274,600 $280,901 $298,620 $299,165 $303,528 $316,930 $328,314 $345,826 $372,543 $383,366 $386,026 $330,831 $318,857
Net Worth ($25,400) ($50,732) ($58,966) ($59,203) ($52,003) ($42,335) ($25,300) ($7,058) $19,462 $37,879 $48,124 $26,536 $5,662