The initial funding of $25,000 will be invested by the owner. The goal is to fund the growth of the business from its earnings. The financial plan contains these essential factors:
- A growth rate in sales of 47% for the year 2002 and 15% for 2003.
- An average sales per month that increases each year, averaging $3,870 in the first year, $5,720 the second, and $6,600 in the third year.
- Continue to fund the growth of the business from the revenues it generates.
Financial difficulties and risks
- Slow sales resulting in less-than-projected cash flow.
- Unexpected and excessive cost increases compared to the planned expenses.
- Overly aggressive and debilitating actions by competing designers.
- A parallel entry by a new competitor further diminishing revenue generation potential.
Worst case risks might include
- Determining the business cannot support itself on an ongoing basis.
- Dealing with the financial, business, and personal devastation of the venture's failure. Survivable but painful.
7.1 Break-even Analysis
The break-even analysis below is expressed as a per-client unit. This is based on average hourly billing, product sales, and costs per transaction.
| Break-even Analysis |
|
|
| Monthly Revenue Break-even |
$4,067 |
|
|
| Average Percent Variable Cost |
32% |
| Estimated Monthly Fixed Cost |
$2,763 |
7.2 Important Assumptions
The following captured critical assumptions will determine the potential for future success.
- A healthy economy that supports a moderate level of growth in the market.
- The ability to support a gross margin percentage in excess of 65%.
- Keeping operating costs low, particularly in the areas of product purchases ongoing monthly expenses.
- Receiving an initial payment for each project of 50% of estimated time and product purchases and collecting the balance of these revenues within 45 days of completing each project.
| General Assumptions |
| Plan Month |
1 |
2 |
3 |
| Current Interest Rate |
9.50% |
9.50% |
9.50% |
| Long-term Interest Rate |
8.50% |
8.50% |
8.50% |
| Tax Rate |
28.17% |
28.00% |
28.17% |
| Other |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7.3 Key Financial Indicators
The key financial indicators focus on cash flow. There is virtually no inventory but late payments for completed jobs will be a concern. Timely billing and collection will be critical. All expenses are tracked on a monthly basis, recorded in the accounting software, and will be compared to our business plan budget.
7.4 Start-up Summary
The following details the initial start-up expenses for Barton Interiors. Most equipment costs are office related. Sample and display costs include books, samples and resources necessary to promote furniture, fabric and other home accessory products.
| Start-up |
|
|
| Legal |
$500 |
| Stationery etc. |
$850 |
| Brochures |
$420 |
| Consultants |
$450 |
| Insurance |
$150 |
| Samples and Reference Books |
$3,250 |
| Research and development |
$800 |
| Expensed equipment |
$4,250 |
| Other |
$550 |
| Total Start-up Expenses |
$11,220 |
|
|
| Cash Required |
$9,780 |
| Other Current Assets |
$1,000 |
| Long-term Assets |
$3,000 |
| Total Assets |
$13,780 |
|
|
| Total Requirements |
$25,000 |
| Start-up Funding |
| Start-up Expenses to Fund |
$11,220 |
| Start-up Assets to Fund |
$13,780 |
| Total Funding Required |
$25,000 |
|
|
| Non-cash Assets from Start-up |
$4,000 |
| Cash Requirements from Start-up |
$9,780 |
| Additional Cash Raised |
$0 |
| Cash Balance on Starting Date |
$9,780 |
| Total Assets |
$13,780 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Liabilities |
|
| Current Borrowing |
$0 |
| Long-term Liabilities |
$0 |
| Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) |
$0 |
| Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) |
$0 |
| Total Liabilities |
$0 |
|
|
| Capital |
|
|
|
| Planned Investment |
|
| Jill Barton |
$25,000 |
| Investor 2 |
$0 |
| Other |
$0 |
| Additional Investment Requirement |
$0 |
| Total Planned Investment |
$25,000 |
|
|
| Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) |
($11,220) |
| Total Capital |
$13,780 |
|
|
|
|
| Total Capital and Liabilities |
$13,780 |
|
|
| Total Funding |
$25,000 |
7.5 Projected Profit and Loss
The following represents the projected profit and loss for Barton Interiors based on sales and expense projections for 2002 through 2004.
| Pro Forma Profit and Loss |
| Direct Cost of Sales |
$14,889 |
$22,776 |
$33,280 |
| Other |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Total Cost of Sales |
$14,889 |
$22,776 |
$33,280 |
|
|
|
|
| Gross Margin |
$31,571 |
$45,864 |
$65,920 |
| Gross Margin % |
67.95% |
66.82% |
66.45% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Payroll |
$19,800 |
$28,800 |
$36,000 |
| Sales and Marketing and Other Expenses |
$11,560 |
$13,430 |
$15,100 |
| Depreciation |
$300 |
$750 |
$800 |
| Leased Equipment |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Utilities |
$540 |
$660 |
$800 |
| Insurance |
$960 |
$1,200 |
$1,600 |
| Rent |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Payroll Taxes |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Other |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes |
($1,589) |
$1,024 |
$11,620 |
| EBITDA |
($1,289) |
$1,774 |
$12,420 |
| Interest Expense |
$0 |
$76 |
$238 |
| Taxes Incurred |
$0 |
$265 |
$3,206 |
|
|
|
|
| Net Profit/Sales |
-3.42% |
0.99% |
8.24% |
7.6 Projected Cash Flow
The cash flow projections are outlined below. These cash flow projects are based on our basic assumptions and expense and revenue projections.

| Pro Forma Cash Flow |
|
|
|
|
| Cash from Operations |
|
|
|
| Cash Sales |
$32,522 |
$48,048 |
$69,440 |
| Cash from Receivables |
$9,578 |
$18,511 |
$26,892 |
| Subtotal Cash from Operations |
$42,100 |
$66,559 |
$96,332 |
|
|
|
|
| Additional Cash Received |
|
|
|
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Received |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Current Borrowing |
$0 |
$1,600 |
$1,800 |
| New Other Liabilities (interest-free) |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Long-term Liabilities |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Sales of Other Current Assets |
$210 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Sales of Long-term Assets |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| New Investment Received |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Subtotal Cash Received |
$42,310 |
$68,159 |
$98,132 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Expenditures from Operations |
|
|
|
| Cash Spending |
$19,800 |
$28,800 |
$36,000 |
| Bill Payments |
$24,693 |
$38,506 |
$52,924 |
| Subtotal Spent on Operations |
$44,493 |
$67,306 |
$88,924 |
|
|
|
|
| Additional Cash Spent |
|
|
|
| Sales Tax, VAT, HST/GST Paid Out |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Principal Repayment of Current Borrowing |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Other Liabilities Principal Repayment |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Long-term Liabilities Principal Repayment |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Purchase Other Current Assets |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Purchase Long-term Assets |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Dividends |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Subtotal Cash Spent |
$44,493 |
$67,306 |
$88,924 |
|
|
|
|
| Cash Balance |
$7,597 |
$8,449 |
$17,658 |
7.7 Projected Balance Sheet
Barton Interiors' balance sheet is outlined below.
| Pro Forma Balance Sheet |
|
|
|
|
| Current Assets |
|
|
|
| Cash |
$7,597 |
$8,449 |
$17,658 |
| Accounts Receivable |
$4,360 |
$6,441 |
$9,308 |
| Other Current Assets |
$790 |
$790 |
$790 |
| Total Current Assets |
$12,747 |
$15,680 |
$27,757 |
|
|
|
|
| Long-term Assets |
|
|
|
| Long-term Assets |
$3,000 |
$3,000 |
$3,000 |
| Accumulated Depreciation |
$300 |
$1,050 |
$1,850 |
| Total Long-term Assets |
$2,700 |
$1,950 |
$1,150 |
| Total Assets |
$15,447 |
$17,630 |
$28,907 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Current Liabilities |
|
|
|
| Accounts Payable |
$3,256 |
$3,157 |
$4,457 |
| Current Borrowing |
$0 |
$1,600 |
$3,400 |
| Other Current Liabilities |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Subtotal Current Liabilities |
$3,256 |
$4,757 |
$7,857 |
|
|
|
|
| Long-term Liabilities |
$0 |
$0 |
$0 |
| Total Liabilities |
$3,256 |
$4,757 |
$7,857 |
|
|
|
|
| Paid-in Capital |
$25,000 |
$25,000 |
$25,000 |
| Retained Earnings |
($11,220) |
($12,809) |
($12,126) |
| Earnings |
($1,589) |
$683 |
$8,176 |
| Total Capital |
$12,191 |
$12,874 |
$21,050 |
| Total Liabilities and Capital |
$15,447 |
$17,630 |
$28,907 |
|
|
|
|
| Net Worth |
$12,191 |
$12,874 |
$21,050 |
7.8 Business Ratios
Business ratios for the years of this plan are shown below. Industry profile ratios based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 7389, Business Services--Interior Design Services, are shown for comparison. If we fail in any of these areas, we will need to re-evaluate our business model:
- Gross margins at, or above, 65%.
- Month-to-month and annual increases to meet the expected growth requirements.
- Self-fund growth not dependant on the credit line to meet cash requirements.

| Ratio Analysis |
| Sales Growth |
0.00% |
47.74% |
44.52% |
12.40% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Accounts Receivable |
28.22% |
36.53% |
32.20% |
26.10% |
| Other Current Assets |
5.11% |
4.48% |
2.73% |
44.70% |
| Total Current Assets |
82.52% |
88.94% |
96.02% |
74.50% |
| Long-term Assets |
17.48% |
11.06% |
3.98% |
25.50% |
| Total Assets |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Current Liabilities |
21.08% |
26.98% |
27.18% |
44.30% |
| Long-term Liabilities |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
16.00% |
| Total Liabilities |
21.08% |
26.98% |
27.18% |
60.30% |
| Net Worth |
78.92% |
73.02% |
72.82% |
39.70% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sales |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
100.00% |
| Gross Margin |
67.95% |
66.82% |
66.45% |
0.00% |
| Selling, General & Administrative Expenses |
73.96% |
65.72% |
38.61% |
80.80% |
| Advertising Expenses |
16.36% |
12.24% |
11.36% |
1.30% |
| Profit Before Interest and Taxes |
-3.42% |
1.49% |
11.71% |
2.20% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Current |
3.92 |
3.30 |
3.53 |
1.75 |
| Quick |
3.92 |
3.30 |
3.53 |
1.38 |
| Total Debt to Total Assets |
21.08% |
26.98% |
27.18% |
60.30% |
| Pre-tax Return on Net Worth |
-13.03% |
7.36% |
54.07% |
3.80% |
| Pre-tax Return on Assets |
-10.29% |
5.38% |
39.38% |
9.70% |
|
|
|
|
|
| Net Profit Margin |
-3.42% |
0.99% |
8.24% |
n.a |
| Return on Equity |
-13.03% |
5.30% |
38.84% |
n.a |
|
|
|
|
|
| Accounts Receivable Turnover |
3.20 |
3.20 |
3.20 |
n.a |
| Collection Days |
55 |
96 |
97 |
n.a |
| Accounts Payable Turnover |
8.58 |
12.17 |
12.17 |
n.a |
| Payment Days |
27 |
30 |
26 |
n.a |
| Total Asset Turnover |
3.01 |
3.89 |
3.43 |
n.a |
|
|
|
|
|
| Debt to Net Worth |
0.27 |
0.37 |
0.37 |
n.a |
| Current Liab. to Liab. |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
n.a |
|
|
|
|
|
| Net Working Capital |
$9,491 |
$10,924 |
$19,900 |
n.a |
| Interest Coverage |
0.00 |
13.47 |
48.93 |
n.a |
|
|
|
|
|
| Assets to Sales |
0.33 |
0.26 |
0.29 |
n.a |
| Current Debt/Total Assets |
21% |
27% |
27% |
n.a |
| Acid Test |
2.58 |
1.94 |
2.35 |
n.a |
| Sales/Net Worth |
3.81 |
5.33 |
4.71 |
n.a |
| Dividend Payout |
0.00 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
n.a |